DIPOL Weekly Review – TV and SAT TV, CCTV, WLAN

A Swedish startup planning a revolution in road transport with driverless goods vehicles to hit the road soon.

Einride, a Swedish startup manufacturer of driverless electric trucks, has presented a new vehicle that the company hopes to introduce in road transport in 2021. Being a part of the Autonomous Electric Transport (AET), like previous Einride prototypes, these vehicles are completely driverless, with no steering wheel, no pedals, no windscreen and no cabin in general. Einride has been bringing extraordinary, eye-catching, prototype and driverless vehicles to the market since 2016. In 2017, they launched the T-Pod cabless vehicle, which currently carries goods for Swedish food manufacturer Oatly. One year later, the T-Log vehicle, more powerful than its predecessor, designed to move huge wooden logs, was introduced. Currently, Einride is entering the market with a next-generation vehicle that it hopes to put into production. For this to happen, electric trucks must undergo a series of tests and obtain the essential approvals.

The AET vehicle, designed for driverless transport, the prototypes of which are to appear on roads as early as in 2021.

The new AET autonomous vehicles are being designed in four variants. The first two, type AET 1 and AET 2, reach a maximum speed of 30 km/h, weigh 26 tons, have a payload of 16 tons, and the battery range of 130-180 km. The AET 3 and AET 4 variants offer similar weight and payload, but can reach higher maximum speeds - 45 km/h and 85 km/h respectively. Each type is designed for use in different terrain and on different roads. The AET 1 is designed to run in a specific geographic area, while the AET 2 can move beyond it with the aid of a remote control. The AET 3 is designed for driving in rural areas and the AET 4 for highways. The company relies on Nvidia driverless software/navigation and claims to be able to reach level 4, i.e. completely autonomous transport under certain conditions. The trucks can also be controlled remotely by an operator hundreds miles away from the vehicle with the Phantom Auto technology. This technology can help Einride overcome such obstacles as off-road driving. In terms of design, all AET vehicles look almost identical as the Einride Pod (formerly T-Pod) prototype: they are elegant, white, with sleek, ergonomic features and of course no cab. Einride says its modern vehicles can contribute to up to 60 percent saving on transport cost and cut CO^2^ emissions by an incredible 90 percent. It would certainly matter a lot to the environment.

Improved motion detection zones in IP cameras.

A new method for motion zone configuration has been added to Acusense series IP cameras (currently only in the 2nd generation). Quadrilateral detection areas have been replaced by polygon ones (minimum quadrilaterals, maximum tenagons). This allows for a better matching of motion detection zones to places where this function is required.

Example of setting a motion detection zone

Said cameras can filter out motion detection by distinguishing between the silhouette of a person or a vehicle. This can avoid false alarm notifications, e.g. generated by animals or moving trees.

Designing TV/SAT systems in multi-family buildings.

DIPOL offers the MR-9xx and MV-9xx TERRA mustiswitches for multi-family buildings, designed in accordance with the requirements of TV/SAT systems, ensuring signal reception from two satellites. The solution offered is quite popular, among others on the Polish, British, German and Australian markets. Advanced TERRA multiswitches have been a still highly recognized a solution for large SMATV systems in Poland since 2004. Quality built, stability of parameters and very low failure rate make these multiswitches a product of choice to even the most demanding customers. DIPOL has been selling TERRA products since 1996. The product warranty extended to 4 years has been on offer from March 2013.

Below, a diagram of an exemplary SMATV system of a multi-family building is shown. It has been saved in various formats: dwg, pdf and stn (file from the SatNet system design software) and it can be easily customized in any form.

A project made in the SatNet program

Project from SatNet program saved in a pdf file

///The TV/SAT diagram shows an example of a SMATV optical-copper multiswitch system for two satellites. Satellite and terrestrial TV signals were supplied via coaxial cables to the optical transmitter OT501W A9872. Then, optical fiber cabling (1 fiber per 1 optical transmitter) replaced the typical 9-wire multiswitch bus. This solution can be used in large buildings with the distances between the staircases are more than several dozen meters or when the multiswitches and subscriber devices require protection against possible overvoltages caused by lightning in the vicinity of the antenna. The OR501W A9877 optical receivers perform reverse conversion of the medium. Downstream the optical receivers, there are MV-932L R70832 multiswitches located, where the subscriber cabling begins.

Other examples of SMATV systems can be found in the article Designing FM/TV and SAT TV distribution systems in multi-dwelling units

HD-TVI/AHD signal via optical fiber.

Modern CCTV standards allow for signal transmission from analog 1080p cameras at a distance of up to 300 m using quality coaxial cable. For longer distances between the camera and a DVR, e.g. when monitoring large-area halls, factories, office buildings, etc., this distance may not be sufficient.

The best solution is to use fiber-optic video converters and and fiber-optic cables. In this way, the maximum transmission distance can be easily increased up to even 20 kilometers. Moreover, fiber-optic technology will ensure the ideal electrical isolation between cameras and the DVR and it will reduce the sensitivity to interference from power lines, RF systems, and other devices.

The figure below shows a connection diagram of the Ultimode HDTVI-202 L2030 dual-channel video converter. Ultimode video converters are versatile devices, i.e. they enable the transmission of all popular and currently used video standards: TVI, AHD, CVI and CVBS/PAL.

Typical application of an ULTIMODE L2030 fiber-optic video converter

Messaging tenants through the Hikvision IP video intercom system.

The 2nd generation Hikvision IP video intercom system can be configured with the iVMS-4200 (v3), a functional client application designed for the management and supervision of Hikvision security systems, such as the DVRs (IP, TurboHD), video intercoms, access control, decoders, etc. This application also allows you to message selected tenants. It is particularly useful in more complex systems, as it allows you to quickly convey important information to all users, such as notification about breakdowns, maintenance activities or management-related issues. Messages can be sent after configuring the system, adding authorized users and assigning them to individual indoor station. To do this, after launching the iVMS-4200 application, go to the Access Control->Video intercom->Notification tab, select Add and in the Send to tab of the selected subscribers. After the available options are completed (message subject, type, photo, content) and confirming with the Send button, the message will be displayed on the monitors of the indicated subscribers.

Snapshot of the window for sending messages
to selected subscribers of the IP video intercom system using the iVMS-4200 (v3) application

Basics of IP addressing – part 4.

The previous issue discussed the calculation of the network and host address. Another important address is that of the gateway. The gateway is a network device that acts as an entry point from one network to others. The host sends all packets directed to other hosts outside the local network to the default gateway (specifically to the gateway IP address) which means that a host without the default gateway address can only exchange packets with computers in the same local network. Due to the widespread use of the TCP/IP network, the concept of a gateway has become virtually parallel with a router.

The gateway is created at the network border to manage communication of all data exchanged between the internal network and the external ones. In general, for simple home networks, the gateway acts as a securing device for the local network while connecting it to public networks.
When setting an IP address for a gateway (from the local network side), the first available address in the pool of host addresses in the given network is usually used.

Hosts working in the LAN (network address 192.168.1.0/24)
use the gateway address 192.168.1.1 to communicate with the Internet.

The network ports will discussed in detail in the following issue of this Weekly Review.

IP Villa 2 gen. video intercom system for 4 houses. Below a diagram of the Hikvision IP video intercom installation in a housing estate is shown with 4 single-family houses with a shared entrance gate. The system is based on the DS-KV8413-WME1 G73636 four-button gate/door station Hikvision and four DS-KH6320-WTE1/EU G74001 7" touch screen monitors. These components are powered with the 8 x PoE N29982 Ultipower switch. The system is connected to the Internet via the TP-Link C6 N3255 router. The gate is controlled with the use of the Bira ES1-001 G74210 electric door strike with steel keeper/latch with 4 mm adjustment range. This model of electric strike can be energized with 12 VAC or VDC. In the system the supply voltage is provided by the G74321 power supply. The electric strike is controlled via a relay located in the gate station...>>>more

Block diagram and components of the IP video intercom system for 4 single-family homes

Overview of Hikvision video intercom systems