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No. 41/2019 (Dec. 30, 2019)
Smart onboard car monitoring.
Bosch is currently developing a new AI-based onboard safety system. Scheduled for release in 2022, the system will analyze driver and passenger behavior and react to any actions that may compromise travel safety. The steering computer will analyze footage from two cameras based on a machine learning algorithm. which has been trained to understand what passengers are doing based on thousands of recordings of real-life behavior in various situations on the road. For instance, by analyzing eyelid position and blink frequency, the car will be able to tell if the driver is tired and recommend a short break.
One camera, placed in the steering wheel, will track driver behavior. When the driver is sleepy, shows signs of fatigue, or turns his head, the car will respond accordingly (e.g. pull the brakes or emit a warning). An appropriate car response is particularly important in the light of recent studies, which demonstrate that 10% of all car accidents are caused by sleepiness or loss of concentration. A second camera, in the rearview mirror, will monitor passengers, e.g. to see whether they have fastened their seat belts properly or assumed the correct position (rather than sitting on the edge of the seat or leaning too far forward). This allows the system to maintain optimal control of the safety belt system and the airbags, and thus minimize the consequences of a wrong position. The monitoring system also prevents the airbag from being triggered in front of the passenger seat if a baby seat in placed on top.
Most cars currently on the market already come equipped with safety systems. New EU regulations stipulate that, as of 2022, all new cars will need to be fitted with advanced safety systems as per standard, including features such as driver attention monitoring, automatic braking, automatic detection of traffic participants, pedestrians and cyclists ahead of the vehicle, as well as smart speed adaptation. Onboard image analysis is also important for automated vehicles. In the event of danger on the road, the system requires the driver to take over the steering wheel. To do so, it needs to be able to interpret the state of the driver to know whether he is fit to drive.
Signal Fire fusion splicers offer three splicing programs: SM (single-mode), MM (multi-mode) and Auto (automated). Using a single program, say SM, you can splice single-mode fibers of any standard; practice shows that the splicer works equally well with fibers of the same and of different kinds (e.g. G.652D with G.657A2). Similarly, the MM program allows to join two multi-mode fibers together. This is very convenient; the parameters of the splice may, but to not have to, be poorer.
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More expensive models feature customized programs dedicated for specific fiber standards. In practice, however, it has been shown that these do not, or only minimally, improve splice parameters. For this reason, most users decide to opt for the quick auto mode anyway.
Smart events in HD-TVI NVRs - Enhanced VCA mode.
Standard Hikvision NVRs support two kinds of smart events (VCA): virtual line crossing (including direction) and intrusion detection. These can be triggered in selected analog channels and their availability and number depends on the model of the device.
Number of VCA channels by model:
If there are too few VCA channels, users can enable the Enhanced VCA mode. The number of channels in this mode depends on the model of the device (n - number of video inputs):
In the Enhanced VCA mode, more processor computing power is allocated to smart events, while:
- the resolution of the input signal is reduced to 3 MP,
- the resolution of the output signal is reduced to 1080p,
- the CVBS input is disabled,
- the Enhanced IP function is disabled.
Channel-zero Encoding in Hikvision NVRs.
Sometimes users need to preview multiple NVR channels in real time, using a web browser or CMS client software. To this end, Hikvision NVRs provide a Channel-zero Encoding option. With this function, without compromising image quality, users can preview images from all cameras in a single window of a web browser or client software. The settings include the maximum bit rate (up to 2 Mbps) and maximum frame rate (up to 25 fps).The parameters may vary slightly depending on the firmware version of the NVR. The live view can be configured in the local user interface and the channel can be activated locally or remotely, directly from the NVR.
- locally: System -> Live View -> Channel zero -> Enable Channel-zero Encoding,
- remotely: Configuration -> Video/Audio -> Channel-zero.
Channel-zero activation window in the web browser (NVR: DS-7608NXI-I2/8P/4S K22094 with the 4.1.14 firmware)
What is HDbitT?
HDbitT (High-Definition Digital Bit Transmission Technology) is a protocol used for the professional delivery/transmission of high-quality image and audio over IP networks. The protocol supports video resolutions of up to 4Kx2K @ 60Hz, transmitted wirelessly or over network cables, electrical installations, optical fibers, or coaxial cables..
HDbitT protocol used in audio/video transmission in IP networks
HDbitT ensures all-in-one connectivity, enabling 4K Ultra HD audio and video distribution, as well as the transmission of RS232, IR, and USB control signals.
The most important advantages of HDbitT:
- signals can be transmitted over distances much longer than 100 m,
- it supports the following protocols: CEC, EDID, and HDCP,
- it can work with many transmission media, such as: twisted-pair cables, coaxial cables, optical fibers, electrical networks, wireless networks,
- transmission can be secured by the AES protocol,
- signals can be transmitted using the existing computer network,
- efficient compression enables bandwidth savings,
- it does not need to be configured,
- it enables point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections.
Devices that support the HDbitT protocol include:
- H3606 HDMI to IP Converter: Signal HD (with RC extender),
- H3607 HDMI to IP Converter: Signal HD (additional receiver with RC extender),
- H3608 Signal HD HDMI to Fiber Optic Converter (with RC extender),
- H3609 HDMI Extender (RF over coax),
- H3614 HDMI to IP Converter: Signal HD (multicast),
- H3615 HDMI to IP Converter: Signal HD - Receiver (unicast),
- H3618 VGA Extender Signal HD (VGA to IP),
- H3619 VGA Extender Signal HD (VGA to IP) - Receiver (IP to VGA),
- H3624 HDMI to IP Converter/Extender (1x5e, PoE 802.3af): Signal-HD (multicast),
- H3625 HDMI to IP Converter/Extender (1x5e, PoE 802.3af): Signal-HD (multicast) - Receiver,
- H3634 HDMI to IP Converter/Extender: Signal HD 4Kx2K (1x5e).
Signal MRP multiswitches with a passive terrestrial path.
Signal MRP multiswitches are equipped with a passive terrestrial TV path; for this reason, in areas where the signal is weak, it is advisable to use an antena pre-amplifier or amplifier to compensate the attentuation of the multiswitch (12 dB) and other passive elements (cables, outlets, connectors) in the distribution network. To choose an appropriate amplifier, users should take into account the transmitter signal level (the broadcasting power of the transmitter and its mounting height, distance from the reception point, antenna gain, and the profile of the terrain between the transmitter and the receiver).All MRP multiswitches have a 12 VDC switch in the terrestrial path. If the amplifier is to be powered via a signal cable, the switch has to be set to the "12 V ON" position. Otherwise (when using a passive antenna or an amplifier with independent power supply e.g. AWS 1/1 F B1216), it must be set to the "12 V OFF" position.
The supply voltage in the terrestrial antenna path is switched on by moving the switch up
Both voltage indicators, in the power supply unit (PSU) and the multiswitch, should shine continuously. If the LEDs in the power supply and the multiswitch blink after a terrestrial antenna is connected and the power supply is switched on, this indicates a short circuit in the terrestrial antenna path. This can happen when the antenna is without an amplifier (DC-shorted by a balun) or the antenna cable is incorrectly installed (a short circuit between the central conductor and the braid). Should this be the case, the PSU unit should be immediately disconnected and the cause eliminated (by switching off the 12 VDC in the case of the passive antenna, or mending the cable connections).
The power LEDs flash due to an excessive current in the terrestrial antenna path.
Disconnect the power supply unit immediately and eliminate the cause
(switch off the 12 VDC in the case of a passive antenna or mend the cable connections).
Disconnect the power supply unit immediately and eliminate the cause
(switch off the 12 VDC in the case of a passive antenna or mend the cable connections).
 | Hikvision DS-2CD2645FWD-IZS(B) Compact IP camera K17724 is dedicated for use in IP CCTV systems. It is equipped with a high-quality 4 MP 1/2.5" CMOS sensor and an IR illuminator with a range up to 50 m, which ensures good visibility even in low light conditions. Its 2.8–12 mm Motozoom lens allows for remote viewing angle adjustment within the 114–32° range. | |
 | Pyronix KEYFOB-WE Two-way keyfob G01821 is dedicated for AXHub and Pyronix Enforcer alarm systems. It has 4 keys enabling up to 8 functions (depending on the control unit). Thanks to its two-way communication, users are alerted about system status via a built-in LED. Rolling code encryption guarantees high security. | |
 | KX10DP-WE Wireless PIR motion detector G01417 is a wireless passive motion detector immune to pets up to 25 kg, equipped with a double pyroelectric element. Functions such a digital temperature compensation, automatic sensitivity adjustment, and the Blue Wave technology make it suitable for effective surveillance in commercial and residential buildings. | |
Worth reading
Signal amplifiers in dSCR/Unicable systems. DIPOL has introduced a new amplifier model, MSA100 R80515, dedicated for dSCR/Unicable SMATV systems. MSA100 R80515 is designed to amplify signals in the 47-862 MHz and the 950-2400 MHz bands. The model is recommended for use in multiswitch installations, where large distances and passive satellite splitters cause signal power to drop below the tuner's sensitivity threshold...>>>more
A multiswitch installation using the MSA-100 R80515 amplifier
Vertical mounting system in 19" RACK cabinets
