DIPOL Weekly Review - TV and SAT TV, CCTV, WLAN

Chinese Big Brother.

The communist government of China plans to use the CCTV and artificial intelligence system developed for the army to track people across the country. The People's Liberation Army will use the national surveillance network to identify wanted civilians. The greatest advantage of the new EnsembleNet identification technology is its effectiveness, which is estimated at as much as 90 percent.

The array of 80 points located around the eyes, nose and mouth creates an image of the face of any human being, which is unique like DNA. The more accurately they are scanned, the higher probability of proper identification. A digital video camera measures the distances between the various points on the human face, such as the width of the nose, the depth of the eye sockets, the distance between eyes and the distances that describe the shape of the jaw line.
In addition, the system detects and registers the shape of the body and other characteristics, which are compared with the existing database. Intelligent algorithms can even identify a person in disguise, regardless of the position or movement. The face recognition software works by matching the real-time view with the image in the archive.

China has already developed various similar techniques to track over a billion people. Thanks to the new technology, the Asian superpower hopes to introduce a "social credit points" program that would assess citizens on the basis of their behavior. Those who do not follow some rules could be added to a list eliminating access to certain privileges. One of journalists claims that he was forbidden to send his children to a private school and buy a property after the court had ordered him to apologize for sending a harmful tweet regarding the regime.
The intelligent video surveillance system can scan 2 billion faces in a few seconds. Experts are convinced that face recognition technology will soon outstrip fingerprint solutions as the most effective way to identify people.

SMATV system in a large hotel complex.

The designer had to satisfy three main requirements. First of all, the installation was to cover 5 buildings of the large complex. Secondly, the system was to distribute DVB-T signals from the local transmitter, and thirdly, the satellite channels (15) had to be converted to the form of digital DVB-T signals and distributed along with the terrestrial channels.
In order to ensure the best possible quality of the terrestrial TV signals and to equalize signal levels at the installation's input, the contractor decided to use the digitally programmed four-channel TERRA AT440 R82511 amplifier. Additionally, in order to introduce signals from VHF and FM bands, the multi-input FM/VHF/UHF ma400 R82520 amplifier was used.

The satellite channels are received and converted into DVB-T standard by the tdx-480 R81621 transmodulator. The set of the panels used allows for the reception and conversion of 16 satellite Full HD channels from eight transponders.

The combined terrestrial and satellite channels, in the form of DVB-T multiplexes converted into optical signal, are distributed to the four buildings via single-mode fibers. The conversion is carried out by the TV optical transmitter TERRA mo418 4D31 R82522 with 6 dBm output level that is sufficient for feeding the so414 R82527 4-way optical splitter, installed on the same DIN rail R82538. The optical transmitter and the amplifiers ( R82511 and R82520) are powered from the DR-60-12 R82532 power supply (12 VDC / 4.5 A).
The reverse conversion from the optical form into RF signals is made in each building by the TERRA OD-005P R81760 optical nodes. The maximum output level of the RF signals is 107 dBµV, which is suitable for distributing them to dozens of R62120 outlets without a need for additional amplifiers. By the way, such configuration of the network would allow for transmission of the DVB-T signals (in the optical form) over distances up to 12 km.

Alarm notifications sent by emails.

Hikvision video surveillance systems can send email notifications triggered by various events/exceptions. Such email includes a description and the image from the channel/camera that detected the event/exception. This way, the user is informed about important events/exceptions in real time.

Typical events (configurable independently in each channel) that can trigger email notifications:

Some supported exceptions:

Hikvision IP video door phone in a one-family home.

The installation has been based on Hikvision DS-KV8102-IM G73631 1-button gate/door station and two Hikvision DS-KH6310 G74038 7" touch screen monitors (indoor stations). The outdoor and indoor stations are powered from 8-port PoE switch DS-KAD606 G74812 (with 24 VDC). The switch, equipped with six PoE ports and two additional LAN ports enabling network and cascade connections, plays also the role of video/audio distributor. If the stations were powered locally, it would be possible to use a regular network switch instead.
The system has been connected to the Internet via the TP-Link C2 AC900 N3261 router. The gate has been equipped with the Bira ES1-001 G74210 electric door strike with 4 mm adjustment range. This model of the electric strike can be energized with 12 VAC or VDC. In this case it cooperates with the ZI-2000 12V/2A M1820 AC/DC adapter. The control of the electric strike is performed by the relay of the gate station.

IP video door phone in a one-family home

After pressing the button, both panels in the house ring simultaneously. After receiving the call by a resident, he or she can communicate with the caller using two-way audio/video transmission and the resident can open the gate. In the absence of residents, the call can be redirected to a smartphone and its user has the possibility to open the gate remotely. The built-in 256 MB memory in each of the monitors allows for recording photos, messages, as well as for leaving messages in the absence of residents. The remote operation via an Android smartphone requires the installation of the Hik-Connect app. The configuration and operation from a PC is performed with the use of the iVMS-4200 client application.

Colors of fiber-optic connectors and adapters - are they important?

In the case of single-mode connections, any type of the connector can be made either with PC ferrule (Physical Contact) or APC ferrule (Angled Physical Contact, 8° angled end-face). The use of a specific version depends on the requirements for an application, kind of equipment etc., and is mostly connected with the desired reflectance loss (APC connectors feature the lowest optical back reflection). As a standard, the body of a PC connector is blue, and of an APC connector is green.

The same applies to adapters. Despite the fact that the other version of a connector in the different color would physically "fit" into an adapter, the mixing of them is unacceptable. The different colors make it easier to avoid such situations.

So, the color of an adapter informs the installer about the required version of the connector (patch cord) to be inserted into. The visible parts of the adapters mounted in optical boxes, distribution frames etc. help the installer to eliminate mistakes during installation work.

The adapters and pigtails in the fiber optic box are green, so it is obvious that these are SC/APC connectors

PoE switch from a new series!

ULTIPOWER 00108afat N29985 PoE switch is a desktop device enabling smooth data transmission in 10/100 Mbps Ethernet networks. Its ten RJ45 ports support auto-negotiation function, eight of them provide power over Ethernet (PoE function). The switch automatically detects PD devices compliant with IEEE 802.3af or IEEE 802.3at standard and provides them with power supply. This feature allows the user to expand the network coverage in areas where there is no access to AC power lines/outlets and deploy access points, IP cameras, IP phones, etc. The total power consumption of the connected PoE devices cannot exceed 110 W.

The new switch has two uplink ports for connecting e.g. NVR and router. All PoE ports can operate in Extend mode allowing for power supply and data transmission over distances up to 250 m.

Key features:

• Total of ten10/100 Mbps ports
• Eight PoE ports (communication and power supply for a network device via a single UTP cable)
• No need for installation or configuration
• Max capacity of each PoE port: 30 W
• Max total load: 110 W
• Support for PoE devices compliant with IEEE802.3af/at standard
• Support for auto-learning and auto-aging of MAC addresses (1 K table)
• LED indicators providing information on status/speed/activity/PoE
• Extended mode allowing for connecting PoE devices over distances up to 250 m

Example application diagram

Conversion of signals from HD-TVI cameras to DVB-T standard. The access to video from CCTV cameras in shared antenna or SMATV systems based e.g. on multiswitches is a topic often discussed during the modernization of TV installations in buildings. The signals from video monitoring cameras (with a maximum resolution of 1080p) can be injected to such an installation with the use of the TERRA mix440 R81611 IP-4xDVB-T transmodulator. The panel receives RTSP stream with a maximum bit rate of 200 Mbps and creates 4 neighboring DVB-T multiplexes (each MUX can carry video from 3 full-HD cameras). Thanks to RJ-45 Ethernet port, the programming of the mix-440 R81611 panel is performed via a web browser (no need for a programmer)... >>>more

Conversion of video from eight CCTV cameras (HD-TVI, 1080p) to RTSP stream,
and finally to DVB-T standard, using M75609 DVR and mix440 R81611 transmodulator.

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