No. 37/2014 (Nov. 17, 2014)
Google takes care of our health.
Google is working on technology that could use the effects of nanoparticles for detecting diseases (the particles would be introduced into the patient's bloodstream from swallowed pills) by recording them by a receiver worn on the hand. The information read from the nano-particles would help in the early diagnosis of such cases as cancer, as well as could alert the patient in advance of symptoms typical for a risk of heart attack or stroke.
The sensor reading data from nano-particles
(source: www.bbc.com)
(source: www.bbc.com)
The task of the system is to identify even small changes in the biochemistry of the user. The purpose is a continuous monitoring of blood to detect e.g. a cancer long before first symptoms. The project is led by the biologist Ph.D. Andrew Conrad who has developed a cheap and widely used today HIV test.
Nanoparticles offer the possibility of "screening" the human body, both at the molecular and cellular levels. There are plans to develop nanoparticles changing color under the influence of too much potassium, which may be a sign of poor kidney function or untreated diabetes. The magnetization of the particles allows for easy transfer of them to a certain point on the patient's body in order to check their color.
The company's goal is also to create a band collecting readings from the nanoparticles once or several times per day. Such a method of diagnosis will certainly be a milestone in the early detection of diseases and monitoring of treatment processes.
Twin tuner PVR receiver, one cable from the LNB.
The increasing popularity of twin-tuner PVR (Personal Video Recorder) receivers equipped with hard disk drives results in the need for providing two independent satellite signals. So, the older individual installations with SINGLE LNBs have to be extended. When the installation of a second cable is impossible or very difficult, the good solution is to change the single LNB to UNICABLE QUAD+TWIN LNB A98240, with UNICABLE output.
Example of using the A98240 LNB for distribution of satellite signals to 2 twin-tuner sat receivers
(supporting Unicable technology) and to 2 single receivers
(supporting Unicable technology) and to 2 single receivers
Unicable technology comes to the aid of those who are planning to extend/upgrade an existing satellite system with minimum amount of installation work (even using only single cable, so it can be the existing one). The reason for this can be the need to use a PVR receiver instead of the single one, or just a need for connecting additional sat receivers. The Unicable output can supply signals to 4 single sat receivers, or to 2 twin-tuner PVR receivers (the receivers in this path have to support Unicable technology). The path can be split into two, three or four lines, with the use of satellite splitters. It is worth paying attention to proper selection of these elements - the operating band (5-2400 MHz), and the ability to pass DC voltage from the inputs of the receivers to the LNB, such as in the case of 2-way SAT / TV / FM splitter Signal R85122.
The A98240 LNB also has two independent fullband outputs that can be connected via additional cables to another twin PVR receiver or two single receivers (they do not have to support Unicable technology). So, in the case of up to 6 independent satellite signals, the application of the LNB eliminates the need for using a multiswitch.
The A98240 LNB also has two independent fullband outputs that can be connected via additional cables to another twin PVR receiver or two single receivers (they do not have to support Unicable technology). So, in the case of up to 6 independent satellite signals, the application of the LNB eliminates the need for using a multiswitch.
In the case of such solutions, it is necessary to take into account the attenuation of the splitters (6 dB each). Therefore, the gain of the dish plus the LNB should ensure sufficient margin of the signal level at the inputs of the receivers.
How to improve 4G LTE signal?
Wireless Internet access via cellular networks is an increasingly popular service. The growing popularity of this service among subscribers is the result of mobility, higher throughput and lower prices. The absolute highlight is LTE technology that enables the achievement of data rates similar to those in landline /cable or WiFi networks.LTE technology is flexible both in the terms of the frequency range and bandwidth of the transmission channel. LTE networks can operate in frequency bands from 700 MHz (non-urbanized areas - longer range) to 2.6 GHz (metropolitan areas - higher capacity). An important element of LTE is MIMO technology (Multiple Input Multiple Output) increasing transmission efficiency by employing multiple antennas on both ends of the transmission links.
The antenna presented below has been designed for use in GSM/DCS/UMTS/HSDPA/LTE systems working in 800-2170 MHz range. Due to the broadband characteristics and MIMO technology, it is a very universal telecommunications antenna. It can be connected to the latest modems supplied by mobile operators.
LTE MIMO Antenna ATK-LOG LTE (800-2170MHz, 10m cable, FME socket) A7057
Additionally, the user has to employ a suitable antenna adapter. LTE modems have various antenna connectors, the two most popular adapters are shown below.
FME plug to CRC9 (SMB) cable E83200 (Huawei) | FME to Sierra Cable E83205 (AnyData, Sierra, ZTE, Novatel, Huawei E398) |
The phenomenon of dispersion in fiber optic transmission.
One of the phenomena having a major impact on reducing the transmission bandwidth and distance of fiber optic cables is a dispersion. It worsens the signal-to-noise ratio and increases the amount of transmission errors. There are several types of dispersion:Modal dispersion - occurs only in multimode fibers. Due to the fact that each mode traveling in the fiber reaches the receiver at slightly different time, the edges of the pulses at the end of the line are blurred, which forces an increase in the distance between the transmitted pulses and thus a significant reduction of the bandwidth of the transmitted data. Modal dispersion also limits the maximum transmission distance of multimode fibers;
Polarization mode dispersion - occurs in single-mode fibers. The reason is the fact that any fiber core is not perfectly symmetric (its real cross section is not a perfect circle), as well as the refractive index is not isotropic, so the vertical and horizontal polarizations of the mode travel with a slightly different velocities. This phenomenon limits the maximum transmission distance.
Chromatic dispersion - the waves of different lengths reach the end of the waveguide at different moments, which is a major problem in the use of CDWM and DWDM techniques, with transmissions on multiple wavelengths. There are two components of chromatic dispersion, material dispersion determined by the material composition of a fiber, and waveguide dispersion determined by the waveguide index profile of a fiber.
Chromatic dispersion in a single-mode fiber
Since the components of chromatic dispersion over a range of wavelengths differ in sign, it is possible to determine the wavelength of zero chromatic dispersion (in the example above: 1300 nm). The manufacturers can also change the components in the production process, moving the zero dispersion area to the region used by a given transmission technique.
The use of Open Collector (OC) outputs of alarm control panels.
Each control panel is equipped with high-current and low-current outputs. These groups of outputs have completely different features and load capacity. As an example, the Integra 32 G2004 control panel has two 2 high-current outputs with load capacity of 2 A, and 6 low-current outputs with max load of 50 mA. The high-current outputs can be used to control optical and acoustic signaling devices or be configured as DC power outputs (they provide 12 VDC voltage in active state). The low-voltage outputs are transistor outputs designed to control GSM modules, relays etc. Such an output can be in one of two states, either "closed" (potential ca. 0 V, active) or "open" (due to high impedance it has the potential of the power source, usually ca. +12 V). Loads over 50 mA can be connected to the OC outputs only through suitable relays.
Control of a load by an OC output of Integra 32 control panel, connected through a relay
The relay coil is connected to the outputs OUT2 and OUT3. OUT2 (high-current output) is configured as 12 VDC power output. The activation of the OUT3 low-current output results in changing its potential from ca. 12 to 0 V, which triggers the relay. The relay should be designed for control by 12 VDC voltage and current below 50 mA.
Video monitoring of a house.
A typical requirement for such a system is high image quality at a reasonable price. It should work round the clock and cover both the area around the house, as well as selected areas of its interior. The main tasks of the monitoring is to minimize the risks of burglary, theft, vandalism (writing graffiti, dropping litter etc).
The identification of places that are most vulnerable to potential threats is a vital part of minimizing risks and ensuring effectiveness of CCTV system. It is important to monitor all the entries and exits to/from the house. Properly selected and installed cameras should be able to capture images that allow the identification of any person entering or exiting the building. The good choice are n-cam 610 M11270 cameras. The interior of the house can be monitored by v-cam 430 M10754 cameras equipped with wide-angle lenses.
The most reasonable transmission medium for home systems is usually a twisted pair cable, e.g. CAT 5e UTP cable NETSET E1408. The cameras can be powered from one point via UTP cables, the same that transmit video. It is possible by using video transmitter-receiver sets Etrix 1VAP M16659 (baluns with BNC connectors and DC-2.1/5.5 jacks). The surveillance video is recorded by HIKVISION DS-7204HWI-SH/A M72804 DVR in WD1 resolution at 25 fps. The users can access the DVR resources via web browsers, Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Firefox, or free IVMS software. In the case of mobile devices, the video can be viewed through smartphones and tablets with Android, Windows Mobile or iOS systems.
The signal from the SPOT out is split by the video signal multiplexer RV-1/2P M1707 into two paths. One of them is used by the monitor of the intercom system, and the other is connected to a TV with composite video input. This solution allows for simultaneous viewing of images on the intercom monitor and on the television screen.
The signal from the SPOT out is split by the video signal multiplexer RV-1/2P M1707 into two paths. One of them is used by the monitor of the intercom system, and the other is connected to a TV with composite video input. This solution allows for simultaneous viewing of images on the intercom monitor and on the television screen.
BNC Connector Platinum BNC 6 MASTER E8276 is specially prepared for RG-6 cables. High precision ensures superior quality and professional look. The compression method of installation is very simple and guarantees good and stable connection for a long time. | ||
Digital Satellite Meter NEON S2 (DVB-S/S2) R10835 has been designed to measure satellite signals. It measures parameters such as signal level, MER (Modulation Error Ratio), pre- and post-Viterbi BER (Bit Error Ratio). In spectrum analyzer mode the meter allows for optimum dish alignment, both in the case of one LNB and two LNBs. | ||
UTP Patch Cable Cat5e (0.5m, blue) J21001 with RJ45 connectors (8P8C modular plugs) is mainly used for connecting computers and other devices to Ethernet networks (LANs). | ||
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