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No. 20/2013 (May 13, 2013)
Twisted pair cables unable to cope.
Until recently, the maximum data transfer rate offered consumers to access the Internet was 1 Gbps (in both directions). The Google Fiber service has been available is several American cities. Now, a Japanese company So-net is ahead of Google, offering even more extraordinary parameters.The Nuro Hikari service that costs 4980 yens (ca. 50 USD) is currently available in Tokyo and some areas in Kantō region. The subscriber gets asymmetrical link with 2 Gbps download speed and 1 Gbps upload speed.
(source: wikipedia.org)
The distribution network is based on GPON standard offering data rates up to 2.5 Gbps via optical fibers connected to individual premises (FTTH - Fiber To The Home). In Japan, fiber-optic access networks are used by more than 25% of households, placing the country in the second place in the world, just after South Korea.
2 Gbps download speed should be seen as opening up new possibilities. The maximum capacity of the most popular CAT5e cables is 1 Gbps. The European Union is trying not to fall behind Asia, and promotes FTTH technology by enacting appropriate legislation. In many countries, any new residential or public building must be equipped with adequate fiber-optic infrastructure. In Poland, the new law is in force since February 2013.
Splicing optical fibers with different diameters.
Indoor distribution cables Ultimode IDC have fibers with buffer diameter of 900 μm. Outdoor DRAKA cables are composed of fibers with buffer diameter of 250 μm. The fibers of the both groups of cables can be successfully connected with the use of heat or Ultimode mechanical splices.
Preparation of 900 μm and 250 μm fibers
for the application of ULTIMODE FAST-MS1 L5550 mechanical splice
for the application of ULTIMODE FAST-MS1 L5550 mechanical splice
The key to the proper splicing is the appropriate preparation of the fiber ends. In the case of Ultimode L5550 mechanical splice, the lengths of the prepared fiber have to be as follow:
- for 900 μm buffer: 13.0 mm,
- for 250 μm buffer: 11.5 mm.
The ULTIMODE FAST-MS1 L5550 mechanical splice has a special tapered design for centering the fibers. Due to the fact that the optical fiber with buffer coating diameter of 250 microns enters deeper into the splice, the fiber core protruding from the buffer must be shorter by 1.5 mm. A special 250-holder (contained in the kit) sets the 250 μm fiber in the arm of the body.
The versatile device is used for splicing optical fibers with buffer coating diameters of 250 and 900 micrometers, providing high performance connections of multimode and single-mode fibers
How to choose analog RF modulator?
A/V modulator is used to modulate carrier waves corresponding to a desired TV channel via input video and audio signals (mostly fed through RCA or EuroSCART connectors). The output RF signal can be injected into an RF distribution system and received by any television tuned to this channel. The baseband input A/V signals may come from a PC, media player, security camera, DVD, analog video intercom etc. When choosing an RF modulator, the user should pay attention to technical parameters that directly translate into the performance of the device and its application possibilities.The basic features/parameters of analog modulators include:
- modulation type: VSB or DSB - VSB (Vestigial Side Band) modulators can be used in RF distribution systems with full use of the channel resources - they can operate on channels adjacent to other active channels distributed in the system, in contrast to DSB (Dual Side Band) modulators that require two-channels gaps to active channels;
- maximum output level - a higher level allows for distribution of the signal to a greater number of outlets without a need for additional amplifier; modulators with maximum output levels between 75-85 dB are intended for individual and small systems, large systems may require to use devices with output levels of 100 dB or so;
- output channel range - wide/full range of channels may be needed to select a channel that is not occupied by other broadcasts;
- sound subcarrier - most televisions detect the sound automatically, however older TVs may require to use a specific standard;
- mono or stereo sound - some modulators can convey stereo/two channel sound;
- A/V inputs - there are models with RCA EuroSCART inputs.
Comparison of several A/V modulators
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| Name | MT-47 | MT-57 | MT-31 | MT-29C | Signal Classic |
| Code | R871747 | R871757 | R871736 | R871728 | R95176 |
| VSB/DSB | DSB | DSB | VSB | VSB | DSB |
| Channel range | 1-12,21-69 | 1-12,21-69 | 21-69 | 1-12, S9-S17, 21-69 | 21-69 |
| Max output level [dBμV] | 85 | 85 | 80 | 100 | 75 |
| A/V inputs | RCA | RCA | RCA | RCA | RCA/SCART |
| Stereo option | NO | YES | NO | YES | NO |
| Sound standards | B/G/D/K/H/I/L/ M/N/Au | B/G/D/K/H/I/L/ M/N/Au | G/K/I/L | B/G/D/K | D/K |
Powering cameras through twisted-pair cables (cont.)
As mentioned in the 18th issue, twisted pair cables are used not only for video transmission, but also to transmit power. The small diameter of twisted pair cables (0.5 mm), resulting in large voltage drops with increase of the length of the cable, severely limits the possibilities of this simple and inexpensive solution.A solution that dramatically increases the range of power supplying through twisted-pair cable is to increase the input voltage to 40 VDC and stabilize it at the 12 VDC level just by the camera. The suitable devices for implementation of this solution are the ZK-40 M1830 power supply and SK-40 M1831 stabilizers. They can supply power e.g. to 14 cameras without thermostats (12 VDC, 250 mA) over distances up to 980 meters or to 4 cameras with thermostats (12 VDC, 750 mA) up to 300 meters.
It is important to remember that three pairs of UTP cable (as implemented in the Etrix M16659 set) can carry maximum current of 0.75 A. The total current can be increased to 1 A using all 4 pairs of the cable (the video signal has to be sent separately). To make use of the full capacity of the M1830 power supply, the system should employ more than one UTP cable (which usually takes place for the reason that cameras are located in different places).
IP CCTV camera better than FullHD.
We introduce 5 MP (2592 x 1920) camera Sunell SN-IPC54/40EDN K1637 compliant with ONVIF standard. The device meets the requirements of the most demanding customers who require the highest quality video surveillance. The images at this resolution can be enlarged 1.6 times (linearly) and watched for example on a 46-inch full HD monitor at its nominal resolution. It provides excellent means for monitoring and identifying people and small objects.
Comparison of resolutions of IP cameras
The second important parameter is the size of the image sensor, 1/2.5", bigger than typical 1/3" sensors. With its 5 million pixels, it provides much brighter picture in low-light conditions, with more detail.
The resource CD-ROM provides free NVMS NVR software for configuring and managing up to 36 Sunell IP cameras. The utility automatically searches the cameras in the Ethernet network and allows for quick implementation of the monitoring system based on Sunell equipment.
The resource CD-ROM provides free NVMS NVR software for configuring and managing up to 36 Sunell IP cameras. The utility automatically searches the cameras in the Ethernet network and allows for quick implementation of the monitoring system based on Sunell equipment.
5 MP IP camera Sunell SN-IPC54/40EDN (2592 x 1920) K1637 with 1/2.5" image sensor
How to transmit HDMI signal over 100 m?
Signal-HD HDMI to IP converter H3604 enables the user to connect remote (up to 100 m) source of HD content to HD-enabled television/monitor, using one CAT5e/6 cable. IP signal coming from the transmitter may be applied to an Ethernet switch to split it among multiple receivers. The bit rate of the compressed signal at the output of the transmitter is about 30 Mbps.The set is perfect for connecting remote HD source like sat receiver, Blu-ray player, PC, game console etc. to HD-enabled TV/monitor/projector. It requires to use only one, comparatively thin cable, which makes it easy to hide it, e.g. when installing the TV/monitor on an LCD/plasma mount.
An application of the HDMI > IP converter/extender (point-to-point)
The great advantage of this solution with respect to those based on conventional HDMI/UTP converters is the range up to 100 meters (limited only by Ethernet specification).
New products offered by DIPOL:
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Worth reading:
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A simple SAT TV system allowing the user to simultaneously watch and record any two channels
from two satellites
from two satellites
UTP or coaxial cable? Transmission of analog video signals over twisted pair cables has become more popular than over traditional coaxial cables. CCTV installers choose this method for several reasons. Often the most important is the overall price of the cabling. Although the unit costs (1 m) of a cat. 5e UTP cable and coaxial cable are very similar, the latter can transmit only one baseband video signal, whereas UTP cable can carry up to four such signals, or provide power supply instead... more
Example configuration of Etrix devices.
The green arrows show the possible directions of the video signal flow (transmitter -> receiver)
The green arrows show the possible directions of the video signal flow (transmitter -> receiver)
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